If you want to make your playbooks/roles more universal, there’s a generic package module which will figure out what package manager to use based on the detected OS.
Or, if that doesn’t fit your needs, you can add conditions to tasks (or blocks of tasks), like
when: ansible_os_family == "Debian"
and use that for tasks specific to a given Linux distro/family.
Ansible will detect a lot of info about each host and make it available as facts. See for example https://docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/playbook_guide/playbooks_vars_facts.html
I’m a Norwegian Linux enthusiast and have never heard anything about the government using Ubuntu or Linux. Seems unlikely, from what I know. I know that within healthcare Windows is still widely used, even on the server side…
On the other hand, a lot of software for official services is being developed as open source now, so that’s at least a good step in the right direction. Example: https://github.com/navikt